{"id":6782,"date":"2025-02-26T14:30:18","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T06:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/urexceed.com\/?p=6782"},"modified":"2025-02-27T15:36:56","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T07:36:56","slug":"nguyen-ly-hoat-dong-cua-may-phun-bot-ap-suat-cao-pu-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urexceed.com\/vi\/nguyen-ly-hoat-dong-cua-may-phun-bot-ap-suat-cao-pu-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y phun b\u1ecdt PU \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyurethane \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong h\u01a1n 20 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/a>, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/a>, V\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i l\u1ea1nh<\/a> h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n do s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang - \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, quy m\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyurethane \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t $78 t\u1ef7 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 60% s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao 20-150MPa. So v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam 40% v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00f4 k\u00edn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 95%.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u00ean ba chi\u1ec1u: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ed9n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phun \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 va \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a isocyanate v\u00e0 polyol \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 120m\/s, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed; th\u1ee9 hai, th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (\u00b1 0,5 \u2103) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00f2ng k\u00edn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt trong v\u00f2ng 3%; cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ed9n do Modularization thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 15 ph\u00fat, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. L\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m p\u00edt t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 servo cao h\u01a1n 0,3% so v\u1edbi b\u01a1m b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lo\u1ea1i A nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00f4 t\u00f4. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ed9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 0,02%, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyurethane c\u1ea5p y t\u1ebf. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc bong b\u00f3ng l\u00e0 80-300\u03bcm), nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 30-90 gi\u00e2y\/khu\u00f4n) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 (nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y) v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 15-21MPa, \u0111\u00fac ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u01a1n 35MPa) v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00f2ng k\u00edn \u0111\u1ed9ng)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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C\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao polyurethane<\/a> \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00f2ng k\u00edn v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/div>
B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u2192 B\u01a1m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u2192 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u2192 Phun \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ed9n \u2192 T\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n \u2192 Th\u00e1o khu\u00f4n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m<\/code><\/div>
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd li\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\n \"B\u01a1m\n <\/div>\n \n
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\n\n M\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n\n \n <\/p>\n

\n (A v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u isocyanate\/B v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyol) truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1edf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u2265 10:1

<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\n \"\u0111\u1ea7u\n <\/div>\n \n
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\n\n \u0110\u1ea7u tr\u1ed9n t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch

\n \n <\/p>\n

\n m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong v\u00f2ng 0,2 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00e2n van b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 servo
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\n \"\"\n <\/div>\n \n
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\n\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 PID\n \n <\/p>\n

\n duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf m\u1ee9c 45 \u00b1 1\u2103 (\u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt). <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1ecbp s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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  1. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u (Tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/strong><\/div><\/li><\/ol>